Conclusions are shorter sections of academic texts which usually serve two functions. The first is to summarise and bring together the main areas covered in the writing, which might be called ‘looking back’; and the second is to give a final comment or judgement on this. This final comment may also include making suggestions for improvement and speculating on future directions.In dissertations and research papers, conclusions tend to be more complex and will also include sections on significance of the findings and recommendations for future work.
结论部分篇幅相对较短，其功能有二：回顾总结文章内容，并做出评判。
内容包括：重述研究目的、总结研究发现、可能的结果、研究意义和贡献、研究的不足、对未来研究的启示、对政策制定和实践的启示 。
具体措辞依内容分类列举如下：
Restatement of aims
This paper has argued that...
This study set out to determine...
This essay has discussed the reasons for...
The present study was designed to determine the effect of...
The main goal of the current study was to determine...
In this investigation, the aim was to assess...
The project was undertaken to design... and evaluate...
Summarising research findings
This study has shown that...
The investigation of X has shown that...
These findings suggest that in general...
One of the more significant findings to emerge from this study is that...
It was also shown that...
The results of this investigation show that...
The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is t hat...
Suggesting implications
The evidence from this study suggests that...
The following conclusions can be drawn from the present study...
The results of this study indicate that...
The results of this research support the idea that...
In general, therefore, it seems that...
Taken together, these results suggest that...
An implication of this is the possibility that...
The findings of this study suggest that...
Significance of the findings or research contribution
The research extends our knowledge of ...
The present study makes several noteworthy contributions to...
This work contributes to existing knowledge X by providing...
The present study provides additional evidence with respect to...
The study has confirmed the findings of Smith et al.(2001) which found that...
These findings enhance our understanding of...
This is the first study reporting an advantage in those who...
This is the first time that X has been used to explore...
This study has demonstrated, for the first time, that...
This research will serve as a base for future studies and ...
This methods used for this X may be applied to other Xs elsewhere in the world.
Significance of the findings with a qualification
Whilst the study did not confirm X, it aid partially substantiate...
Despite its exploratory nature, this study offers some insight into...
Although the current study is based on a small sample of participants, the findings suggest...
Notwithstanding these limitations, the study suggests that...
Limitations of the current study
Finally, a number of important limitations need to be considered. First,...
The findings in this report are subject to at least three limitations. First,...
Thirdly, the study did not evaluate the use of...
The generalisability of these results is subject to certain limitations. For instance, ...
The most important limitation lies in the fact that ...
The current study has only examined ...
The current investigation was limited by ...
The current study was unable to analyse these variables.
The current research was not specifically designed to evaluate factors related to ...
The study is limited by the lack of information on...
The scope of this study was limited in terms of ...
However, these finding are limited by the use of a cross sectional design.
These results may not be applicable to...
It is unfortunate that the study did not include ...
The main weakness of this study was the paucity of ...
Recommendations for further research work
This research has thrown up many questions in need of further investigation.
More research is needed to better understand when implementation ends and...
More research is required to determine t he efficacy of ...
It would be interesting to compare experiences of individuals within the same ...
It is recommended that further research be undertaken in the following areas: ...
Further work need to be done to establish whether ...
Further research is needed to to account for the varying ...
Further research might explore/ investigate ...
Further research regarding the role of X would be worthwhile/ interesting.
Further investigation and experimentation into X is strongly recommended.
Implications or recommendations for practice or policy
There is, therefore, a definite need for ...
Moreover, more X should be made available to...
Another important practical implication is that ...
Unless governments adopt X, Y will not be attained.
These findings suggest several courses of action for ...
There are a number of important changes which need to be made.
A key policy priority should therefore be to plan for the long-term care of ...
An implication of these findings is that both X and Y should be taken into account when ...
The findings of this study have a number of important implications for future practice.
指导老师：宁 梅
信息采集提供：戴佳沛
图文编辑：王 倩
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